Field notes on skin under environmental load Edition of 1 August 2026
Surf Skin Lab
Barrier physiology
for cold, wet and wind
Limits and referral

Occupational skin for people who work outdoors and in water

If your hands are cracking because of your job, that is a workplace health matter with duties attached, not a personal misfortune to be managed with hand cream.

LimitsWork10 min
The short answer

Work related skin problems are recognised in Britain as a preventable occupational health issue. The Health and Safety Executive publishes guidance for employers and workers on skin at work, on preventing work related dermatitis and on selecting gloves, and employers have duties in relation to hazards including wet work, cleaning products, solvents and cold. If your hands are cracking and your job involves frequent wetting, frequent washing, glove use or contact with materials, that changes who is responsible and what should happen next. Say so when you seek advice.

The framing that changes everything

Almost all writing about hand skin is addressed to a consumer who is presumed to have chosen their exposure. For a large part of our readership that is not the case. Boat crew, fishers, harbour and marina staff, surf instructors, lifeguards, coaches, outdoor centre staff, marine and coastal workers, divers, groundstaff, farm and estate workers, and anyone else who is wet, cold and washing their hands for a living.

For those people the exposure is not a lifestyle choice and the response is not a shopping decision. Work related skin problems are treated in Britain as a preventable occupational health matter, and there is a regulatory framework, published guidance and a body of employer duty around it.

This article does not give legal advice and we are not qualified to. What it does is point you at the framework, because most people affected by it do not know it exists.

The recognised hazards

The Health and Safety Executive publishes material on skin at work covering, among other things, wet work, cleaning and disinfection products, solvents, oils, cement and other materials, and glove use. The relevant hazards for outdoor and water work are recognisable from the rest of this publication.

Wet work. Prolonged or repeated wetting of the hands, and frequent hand washing. The mechanisms are in the article on wet and dry cycling: repeated swelling and contraction strains the bonds holding the outer layer together, and each wash removes lipid and raises surface pH.

Occlusive glove use. Gloves worn for long periods hold hands wet with sweat, which is its own exposure. The Health and Safety Executive publishes guidance on selecting and using protective gloves, including the point that gloves are part of a control regime rather than a substitute for one.

Chemical contact. Cleaning products, disinfectants, solvents, fuels and oils are all recognised in occupational skin guidance.

Cold and wet working conditions. Cold is a workplace hazard in its own right, and the Health and Safety Executive publishes on temperature at work.

What the framework expects

The general shape of occupational health and safety in Britain is that hazards should be identified, that risks should be controlled at source where reasonably practicable, that personal protective equipment sits at the bottom of the hierarchy rather than the top, and that health surveillance is expected where there is a recognised risk of an occupational disease.

Applied to skin, that means the first questions are about the task rather than about the worker. Can the wet work be reduced or automated. Can the hand washing frequency be reduced without compromising hygiene. Can a less aggressive product be used. Can the exposure be enclosed. Are gloves appropriate, correctly selected and correctly used, and is anything being done about the sweat inside them.

Skin checks are a recognised part of health surveillance where there is a risk of occupational dermatitis, and identifying problems early is the whole point of them.

Recognised occupational exposures relevant to outdoor and water work
ExposureWhere it occursWhere the published guidance sits
Wet work and frequent hand washingBoats, catering, care, cleaning, coachingHealth and Safety Executive, skin at work
Occlusive glove useAny task requiring gloves for long periodsHealth and Safety Executive, selecting gloves
Cleaning and disinfection productsKit cleaning, hire fleets, centres, poolsHealth and Safety Executive, skin at work
Solvents, fuels and oilsEngine and boat maintenanceHealth and Safety Executive, skin at work
Cold and wet working conditionsAnything outdoors in a British winterHealth and Safety Executive, temperature
Health surveillance and skin checksWhere a recognised risk existsHealth and Safety Executive, work related dermatitis

Ordering framework written by this publication from general skin physiology. It is not a measurement, it is not taken from any study, and no number in it is a reading.

What to do if this is you

Say it out loud, to the right people. Tell your employer or supervisor that your hands are affected and that you think it is work related. That is the step that converts a personal problem into a workplace one, and nothing else happens until it is taken.

Say it to the pharmacist or GP. Occupational causes change assessment, and they change what is recorded. If a clinician does not know what you do, they cannot factor it in.

Keep a record. When it started, what it follows, whether it improves on days off or holidays. Improvement away from work and deterioration on return is the single most useful pattern you can document, and you are the only person who can document it.

Look at the published guidance yourself. The Health and Safety Executive material on skin at work is written to be read by workers as well as by employers.

Know that reporting routes exist. If a workplace is not addressing a recognised hazard, there are routes for raising it, including through a safety representative, a union where you have one, and the Health and Safety Executive itself.

If you are self employed

A large part of our readership is self employed or works seasonally: instructors, coaches, guides, boat operators, sole traders. The employer duties framework fits awkwardly, and the practical result is that nobody is going to fix your hands but you.

The controls are the same ones, applied by yourself: reduce wet and dry transitions, reduce hand washing where hygiene allows, choose a wash formulated near skin pH, use gloves properly and dry them, and treat a persistent problem as something to be assessed rather than tolerated.

The addition is a commercial one, and we will say it plainly: a season of unusable hands is a season of lost income, and treating skin as an operational risk rather than a nuisance is a reasonable way to think about it.

Where we stop

We do not give legal advice, we do not interpret regulations for your situation, and we do not diagnose occupational dermatitis or anything else. This article exists to tell you that a framework exists, that guidance is published, that employers have duties, and that a hand problem caused by your work is not something you are supposed to solve alone with a tub of cream.

Common questions

Is dermatitis from work my employer's problem or mine?

Work related skin problems are treated in Britain as a preventable occupational health matter, and employers have duties in relation to recognised hazards including wet work and chemical contact. The Health and Safety Executive publishes guidance for employers and workers. We do not give legal advice, and the practical first step is telling your employer and telling a clinician what you do.

What is the most useful thing I can document?

Whether it improves on days off and holidays and deteriorates on return to work. That pattern is the single most useful piece of evidence for a work related skin problem, it takes no effort to record, and you are the only person who can record it.

Are gloves the answer to wet work?

They are part of a control regime rather than the whole of it, which is how published guidance frames them. Gloves worn for long periods hold hands wet with sweat, which is its own exposure, and repeated removal and replacement adds wet and dry cycles. Correct selection and use matters, and the Health and Safety Executive publishes on it.

What if I am self employed?

The employer duty framework fits awkwardly and the practical result is that the controls are yours to apply. They are the same controls: fewer wet and dry transitions, fewer washes where hygiene allows, a wash formulated near skin pH, gloves used properly and dried, and a persistent problem assessed rather than tolerated. A season of unusable hands is also a season of lost income.

Where do I raise it if nothing is being done?

Through a safety representative or a union where you have one, and through the Health and Safety Executive, which publishes guidance and has reporting routes. We are not able to advise on your specific situation and this is not legal advice, but the framework exists and most people affected by it do not know that.

Institutional sources

Links to public institutions and published guidance. They are cited because they are public and checkable, not because they endorse anything written here. External links are nofollow.

Editorial disclosure

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